Mounting for electrical apparatus



Jan. 15, 1946. w, C A LM 2,393,071

MOUNTING FOR ELECTRICAL APPARATUS Filed May 3, 1941' 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fly 1 72.

.11 15 Q 14 10 16 If!" //I2I WITNESSES: INVENTOR WWM Wzlzer SchaeZc/zlth.

ATTbRNEY Pressure lbs.

Jan. 15, 1946,

w. SCHAELCHLIN 2,393,071 MOUNTING FOR ELECTRICAL APPARATUS Filed May 3, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 l l l l l Defleczz'an- Inches WITNESSES: v INVENTOR I Walter Sc/yaeZcbZin.

f I I ATTORNEY Jan. 15, 1946. w." SCHAELCHLIN 7 2,393,071

- MOUNTING FOR ELECTRISAL APPARATUS I Filed May 3, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 0.2a Tcme- Seconds Def Z eczz'on Inches D b n 10 0 g 'I l I WITNESSES: 5 -6lNVENT0R Time Seconds Walter Scbaelcblzb impact of approximately Patented Jan. 15, 1946 Walter :Schaelchlin,

Forest 'Hills, Ba, assignor to Westinghouse Electric Conporation, East FPfiZtS- rgh, Pa, a c rpora i n of :Pennsylvania Application May 3, 1941 Serial No. 391,663

'57 Claims.

My invention relates to supports for devices that are to be protected from shocks that may .be imparted to a base, as a bulkhead of a ship.

On board war crafts as destroyers, battle ships, armored trains, tanks, etc., many devices essential to the operation and control of the craft, or essential "to the operation and control of equipment on the craft, must "be protected gainst shocks so that theremay 'belno' interference with the operation of either the craft or any of the equipment on the craft.

.The gunfire of a war craft produces severe shocks and if the war crait is hit, still ,niore severe shocks and vibrations'areimpartetl to the craft. During all such shocks, the craftand the equipment must, if at all possibla;remain'jntact.

An object of 2my invention ,is to reduce the vibration of a piece vof apparatus, mounted on ya vibrating base, to a minimum.

Another object of my invention is to prevent concurrent and equal acceleration of a device mounted on a support, or base and the base ,or support.

Other objects and advantages of .my invention will become more apparent from as'tudy of the following specification and the accompanying drawings, in which:

.Figure v1 is aside view, with the nearest side wall broken away, of a cabinet showing schematicallyelectrical-equipment mounted on-myspecial ,shockereducing mounting construction;

.Fig. .2 is a horizontal axial sectional yiew of my device;

Fig. 43 is a vertical axial sectional .view o'fmy device;

'Figs. 4 and'fi illustrate of my device; and

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 show curves illustrating vthe operating characteristicsof my device.

Experience gained by the British Iduring the present war indicates'that the shock dueto bomb explosions and some shell fire is equivalentto an 2000 pounds eet, or about fifteen times as much ,asheretoifore specifie'd'by the'Bureau or 'Shipsfo'r control apparatus.

The Navy, therefore, .now specifies that all control apparatus, as electrical controller's, electromagnetic contactors, etc, withstand this increased impact withoutcausih destruction Qfthe apparatus.

To'makea sensitive relayio other delicate control apparatus rug ed enough to meet thi increased impact would be difilcll ii, expeihsivev and time consuming. II, ..useul, and reliable therefore, .devised a .nov l, resilient mounting "for .the

two op ra ingp'ositions .ifire irom tei hi inoh guns.

the panel and ontr l hanel ada ed to ca y velectricalpcoht iol LhDDhh-htus or other devices. My devicefhas been subjected to suitable tests by the'Wh 'D p ilifimfiii and has been round to be hi hly satisfa ory- The test: My d vice was mounted o one sid of twelve-inch armor plate and carried con entional electromagnetic contac ors havi g insu atin material of ceramic material. The reverse side of thearmorplate was thehsubis ed t un- Afte t e s s a devices carried bymysupno i W hei ta t nd a good as .beiore the tests) vIn Eis. '1, the device ,1, a an elect oma neti .contactor. is rigidlymounted o th ioahelbo rd :2. This phnfi blali is prefe ab y ade o s m phenol c conde sation pit clu fo i tance --mate1tialsold under th trade name ofM a t The .panelboard Zisheldto he two st a s 3 and .4 .by Liour units of thy shovel r sil e mount ng .devicel5. f The-hous g as twostrans welded to the inner back wall a d h s two strap 4 welded, in line withstrans .tothe o ter'bao suriace. The two pairs of strap ,form a ri construct on for holdin the housi 6. ahd'th hous ng ritself'iis ent rely f ee from the wei ht o the devices on the panel.

filihe ends of the straps 13 and 4 a e p o ided withih les disposedas nearly as practicabl i line withithe b ts .Qr studs .8 o m t esilieht supp t t t "k p th d flect ons, caus d by any bending stresses in h straps, D I to a min mum. flfhatis. the bo ts 8 will ihu he sub e te substantially t the ;same v rations a are pros- .entjin th mainiha e fi, t which traps ,3 and A are secured y .bolts 11'. This m in base ay h the bulkhead of a war ship or any other wa c aft o o.the ;b qy subject tosh cks- :Referring :to'Fi s. '2, i sands, it Will he noted that the i olt-or stud ;8 is ri idly s r w-thr aded .intothe straps 3 a d hand th ba k Wall .oiihous- :ing" 6. Elle bolt 18 has an en a g d, prefer bly hexa onal sided .portion to which abuts at on end a ainst strap '3. .At th oth end o th enla ed po tion 10. .a washe is disposed about the "bolt to abut against th enlarged portion. This washer ll en ral y hi the shapea a 'frustum of a relat v ly .Ilat come but can have other s milar shapes. For instan e, the washe may .be inthe s ape .f a se tion of asph re or tother dome sh .AIair-Iy soft rubherdike washe J12 fitsoverih looltadiaoentthe point n rtiontorpo tionlhavin the smaller outside mensions used to determine rubbers, as Buna, and resins having the desired characteristics.

The projecting threaded end of bolt 8 is provided with a nut l3, a lock washer H, a plain washer l5, and a pair of washers I I and I2 similar in structure, mounting, and function, to the washers H and I2.

The panel is provided with a hole considerably larger in diameter than the diameter of the bolt 8 and disposed in the hole, and between washers l2 and I2 a rubber washer I1 is disposed on bolt 8. The washer i1 is of a lesser axial thickness than the thickness of the panel.

When the bulkhead is subjected to an impact, the shock is prevented from passing to the apparatus l by my construction. If the impact is from right to left, then the bolt 8 will move from right to left relative to the panel 2. This is illustrated in Fig. 4. Since the panel is not in line with the point portion of the washer II, the washer will at first act like a very soft spring and as the distortion becomes greater radially and axially, the spring effect rises.

The conical or dome-shaped washer ll coacting with the panel having a hole larger in diameter than the inside diameter of the washers H and I2 produces a complex. action on the washer [2. There will be an action radially of the ring or washer l2, tending to increase its radius of gyration, there will be action in the axial direction of the washer l2 tending to decrease its axial thickness, and there will be a vortex action tending to rotate the ring about a circumference falling entirely within the body of the ring. This circumference may probably more accurately be called the path described by the end of the radius of gyration. There will also be frictional resistance at the regions of contact between the washers H and I2 and the panel and washer l2. This frictional resistance is anexcellent damping feature. Further, rubber and rubber-like materials possess inherent damping characteristics. There may be still other factors that enter into the function of my device. In Fig. 6, I show the distortion that takes place. The resulting resilient reaction in relation to the impact forces is illustrated by the curves. It will noted that curve A is not a straight line but is a curve showing a gradually changing rise in force transmitted to the panel 2.

It is well known that a flat piece of rubber disposed between two flat solid surfaces moving toward each other will produce a substantially linear .reaction, as shown in curve B from points to P, until a critical compression is attained, as at point P, at which point the flat piece of rubber will act like a rigid solid and the reaction force becomes equal to the force acting to move the flat solid surfaces toward each other, as illustrated by the substantially vertical portions of curve B. No such reaction is obtained with 'my arrangement. Since the curve A represents the force transmitted to the panel, it is apparent thatthe vibration of the apparatus on the panel is a function of curve C and not curve A.

, The curve A represents a curve, as determined from tests; of a relatively small unit of my device. For washers as l2 and I2 of the same dithe curve A, but where the washers H are flat and the panel 2 fits close about bolt 8, the washers, as 12, become completely compressed much sooner, that is, point' P will be very much moreto the left of point Pip-See Fig.6."

If the base 9, because of a bomb hit of the the apex portion of stud and disposed within a right angle from the ship, is deflected in relation to time as shown by curve C, Fig. 8, then, using curves A, Fig. 6, and C, Fig. 8, to solve for the motion of the panel 2, it can be shown that the panel movement will be well dampened and that its movement will be as shown by curve C in Fig. 7. On the other hand, if curves 0 and B are used to solve for the panel movement, then the panel '2 'will move as shown by curve C",'Fig. 7. From curve C" it is apparent the effect on panel 2 is very undesirable and may be worse than if no damping had been attempted. This is apparent from the abrupt change, at point Q, that takes place in the panel movement. For any movements of base 9 greater than indicated by curve C, as curves D, E and F, the effect on panel 2 becomes progressively worse. With my device the effect on panel 2 is as shown by curves D, E and F, which correspond to curves D, E and F, respectively.

It will be noted thatif the impact is great enough that even with my device the panel movement eventually partakes of the movement of the base 30, at no time is there an abrupt transition, as shown by point Q on curve C.

If the impact force is in a sense, then the washer or ring torted as shown in Fig. 5. The theory tion is the same as just explained,

When the impact is in the direction shown by arrow 20, Fig. 5, then washer I1 and washer H will be distorted as shown in Fig. 5. The component of impact forces in the plane of the panel are not of the same magnitude as those at right angles to the plane of the panel. The washer ll will thus suffice.

directly opposite ll will be disof opera- I am, of course, aware that others, particularly tioning arrangements to accomplish the novel results herein specified. I, therefore, do not wish "to be limited to the exact showing but wish to be limited only by the claims hereto appended.

l I claim as my invention:

1. A support for a device that is to be protected against shocks, or impacts, imparted to the base upon which the support is mounted, in combination, a base, a stud having a conical ledge secured to the base and projecting at an angle from the base, a rubber-like band surrounding the stud at the conical ledge, a bar for carrying the device to be protected loosely surrounding the stud and loosely attached to the stud, and a rubber-like spacer disposed about the the portion of the bar loosely. surrounding the stud, whereby any force acting to move the bar toward the base subjects the rubber-like band to a number of forces including forces to axially compress the band, circumferentially lengthen the band, and subject the band to a vortex type twisting act-ion.

2. A support for a device that is to be protected against shocks, or impacts, imparted to the base upon which the support is mounted, in combination,a base, a stud, having a conical ledge, secured to the base and projecting at substantially base and disposed to have the base of the conical ledge adjacent the base, a relatively thick rubber washer fitting over the stud and disposed adjacent the smaller, or

top, portion of the conical ledge, a member having a hole, said stud, beyond the rubbe washer, extendingthrough' sad hole in the member, said hole having a diameterinearly equal to the mean diameter of th conical ledge, said rubber washer having an outside diameter equal to or greater than the diameter of the base of the conical ledge.

3. In a support for a device, in combination, a base, a panel having an opening, a rubber-like annular member, having a thickness that is somewhat less than the thickness of the panel disposed in the opening, a stud fitting into the annular member and projecting beyond the outside faces of the panel, a rubber-like second annular member, having an outside diameter greater than the opening in the panel, disposed to fit on each of the projecting ends of the stud, two members each having the shape of a frustum of a cone mounted rigidly in relation to the stud disposed adjacent the outer faces of the second annular member, and means for rigidly connecting one of the projecting ends of the stud to said base.

4. In a support for a device, in combination, a base, a panel having an opening, a rubber-like annular member, having a thickness that is smewhat less than the thickness of the panel disposed in the opening, a stud fitting into the an nular member and projecting beyond the outside faces of the panel, a rubber-like second annular member, having an outside diameter greater than the opening in the panel, disposed to fit on each of the projecting ends of the stud, two members each having the shape of a frustum of a cone mounted rigidly in relation to the stud with the point portions of their conical ends disposed adjacent the outer faces of the second annular member, means for rigidly connecting one of the projecting ends of the stud to said base, said point portions of the conical end compressing the second annular member axially and stretching it circumferentially upon any relative movement of the stud and panel.

5. A support for a device that is to be protected against impacts imparted to the base upon which the support is mounted, said support comprising, a stud, an intermediate self-damping resilient s tw elf-d mpi g larger resilient washers disposed on each side of the intermediate washer, two dome-shaped rigid Washers disposed at each side of the two resilient washer and having the tops of their domes adjacent the two resilient washers, all said washers being mounted on the stud, the two rigid washers being fixed longitudinally of the stud, a support disposed about the intermediate washer and adjacent the facing surfaces of the two resilient washers, said stud being fixed to the base, whereby any force moving the base will cause an out-of-proportion relative movement between support and base.

6. A support for a device that is to be protected against impacts imparted to the base upon which the support is mounted, in combination, a base that may at times be subjected to impacts, a device, a member upon which the device is rigidly mounted, a resilient connection between the base and member, said resilient connection comprising a stud rigidly connected to the base and projecting substantially at right angles to the base, a rigid conical-shaped washer disposed on the stud with the base of its cone against the base, a rubber washer snugly fitting on the stud disposed betweenthe member and the top portion of the cone of the rigid washer, said stud beyond the rubber washer projecting through a hole in the member having a size greater than the thickness of the stud but lesser than the outside diameter of the Washers, and means for holding the memher in position against the rubber washer.

7. A support for a device that is to be protected against impacts imparted to the base upon which the support is mounted, in combination, a base that may at times be subjected to impacts, a device, a member upon which the device is rigidly mounted, a resilient connection between the base and member, said resilient connection comprising a stud rigidly connected to the base and projecting from the base, a rigid washer in the shape of a frustum of a cone, with the base portion thereof adjacent the base, disposed on the stud, a rubber-like relatively thick washer on the stud between the member and the top portion of the rigid washer, the stud being positioned through an opening larger in diameter than the stud, a panel, and means for holding the panel on the stud.

WALTER SCHAELCHLIN. 

